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What about Protein?

2/26/2018

 
* This is part of a year-long series called "52 Weeks to Eating better than Ever". Click on the side bar for more information and to read the previous essays.
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What are proteins?
  • Proteins are long chains of amino acids, linked by peptide bonds.
 
What function do proteins serve?
  • They form the major structural components of muscle as well as that of the brain, nervous system, blood, skin, and hair. 
 
What are the amino acids?
  • Amino acids combine to form proteins.  There are 9 essential Amino acids, which must be consumed in the diet, as well as 11 nonessential Amino acids, which can be produced by the body.
 
What affects the quality of a protein?
  1. Essential Amino Acid Composition
  2. Digestibility
  3. Bioavailability- the amount of protein the body can absorb and use, which is an extension of digestibility
 
What are the best sources of protein?
  • Foods which alone or in combination with another food contain all 9 essential amino acids
  • Examples include
    • Incomplete plant or nut proteins in combination such as rice and beans, legumes, nuts, wheat, oats
    • Complete plant proteins like soy, quinoa, chia seeds, buckwheat, hemp, flax
    • Lean animal proteins such as beef, poultry, pork, or dairy products
    • Fish
    • Whey protein is a particularly good source of protein because of its high digestibility and because it is lactose free
 
How much protein should one consume?
  • Endurance athletes- .5 -.6 grams / 1 pound of bodyweight (your weight x .5-.6)
  • Strength athletes- .7 - .8 grams / 1 pound of bodyweight (your weight x .7-.8)
  • Active lifestyle- .4 grams / 1 pound of bodyweight (your weight x .4)
 
What role does protein play in metabolism, weight control, and exercise?
  • When protein is present in the diet, protein in the muscles is spared as an energy source which helps long-term with maintaining a higher metabolism.
  • Protein can slow the glycemic index and insulin response of certain foods, and is best ingested with other foods like vegetables and carbohydrates.
  • Protein causes fullness, which is helpful in weight control. 
 
Can you eat too much protein?
  • Yes, too much of a good thing, including protein, is not good.
  • Excessive protein intake is not good for your kidneys, and is stored as fat if not used for natural processes. 

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